Biological diversity

a number of various types of biological plants or phenomena and frequency of their meeting on a fixed portion of space and time generally reflecting a complicated form of a living matter, its capacity for self-regulation of functions and resources for its comprehensive usage. B.d. includes all species of animals, plants, fungi and micro-organisms, ecosystems and processes flowing proceeding in them. Three levels of B.d. are outlined: genetic diversity, diversity of species and diversity of ecosystems. Genetic D. reflects the genetic information contained in living matter of the Earth, in a concrete territory, D. of species reflects the amount of species and an opportunity to meet them in a concrete territory. D. of ecosystems reflects the amount of various types of habitats, communities and ecological processes. B.d. is a special case of a universal phenomenon of a diversity of nature.