Qidiruv

a natural territorial complex composed of interacting natural or natural and anthropogenous components, and also complexes of lower taxonomic rank.

variation of a landscape tracked by variations of structure, i.e. happening within a framework of a uniform invariant. L.d. — a middle link in a circuit of concepts characterizing different types of variations of landscapes: operation — dynamics — progressing (evolution).

a period of time during which a landscape or its dynamic stage existed or can exist, saving the basic features of its structure and functioning.

increasing of concentration of those or other matters or energy above natural (background or tolerance limits of norms), and also introduction of matters, organisms and power sources, alien to a landscape, as owing to their anthropogenous, so natural (volcanism, natural migration of matters) factors.

an interface of separation of adjacent landscapes, changes in their qualities and properties, and also surface, by which the landscape is as though separated from other not landscape geographic formations (e.g., not included in composition of a landscape of atmospheric spheres or rock sphere). Eliciting of L.b. — a relevant element of landscapes mapping.

a stable impairment of properties of a landscape as a result of affecting the natural or antropogenous factors. L.d. is characterized by an extreme extent of variation of landscape structure, which is expressed in full loss of its capacity to execute the resources and environment reproduction functions.

time (epoch, period) since which one the landscape has acquired a structure, close to modern, and operates within a framework of one invariant.

development of a discretization (discontinuity) of geographic shell. L.d. is reflected on landscape maps, on the schemas of zoning and underlies designing of various nature protection measures.

shallow-water landscapes of underwater outlyings of continents and islands. S.l. are characterized by extremely favorable conditions for biocenoses. On shelf shallow waters the basic fields of a marine fish and biological marine resources are located.

a landscape being formed or been formed under the influence of natural factors only, without any impact of human activity.

an interval of time from the beginning of which up to the present moment a landscape operates in conditions of one invariant structure.

landscape formed without significant influence of living matter. It is conditionally agreed (as all earth surface is pierced to some extent by evidences of life) to rank among A.l. the landscapes of a central part of the Antarctic Continent, the Greenland ice board, the highest peaks of the Himalayas, lava lakes, etc. A.l. is contrasted with biogenic landscapes formed under the influence of living organisms.

by B.B. Polynov, a complex of elementary landscapes from alluvial to super-aquatic located within the lithological homogeneous territories genetically tied by sources of dissolved and suspended matters.

natural territorial complexes which are not generating independent geographic zones which are met in form of spots only in some (very few) zones.

landscape the characteristic features of which are conditioned by human activity. According to the relations between targeted and unpremeditated changes, there can be distinguished premeditatedly changed landscapes and unpremeditatedly changed landscapes (the latest sometimes are called “anthropic”). There also can be distinguished a culttural landscape (premeditatedly changed by human economic activity conducted in accordance with his needs and permanently maintained in necessary conditions) and non-cultivated landscape emerged in result of irrational activity or unfavorable impact of the neighboring landscapes (the lowest in this raw is a degraded landscape).

a collection of landscape qualities, which are saved invariable at transforming of a considered category (type) of a landscape under the influence of different impacts.