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— according to E.Hekkel, a branch of a biological science about relationships between organisms and environment (aut(o) ecology and synecology). E. studies all living organisms and all functional processes making environment suitable for life.

the relationships between forest organisms and their environment.

a branch (part) of industrial ecology, pertaining to mining and operational use of technological and technical methods of the environmental impact regulations, including treatment of sewages, end gases, recycling, recuperation, arranged disposal and waste discharge, etc.

part of ecology studying interrelationships between an individual (of population, species) and habitat.

n (US gynecology) [U] ginekologiya

• gynaecologist (also gynecologist) [C] ginekolog